This is about persuading MacOS software to handle UTF-8 character encodings.

It's been 5 months since I got this new Macbook Pro M1, and all work in languages other than English
has been impossible to do here, because the UTF-8-encoded letters in other languages' alphabets
haven't been displayed properly by Terminal or iTerm(2), and assorted other apps (especially some browsers).  I've been looking for solutions to this, but it's beens low going.

Today, 2022-9-24, I stumbled across a settinng I'd never seen before. In iTerm2, I went to
   Preferences -> Profiles -> Terminal -> Default
and under "Terminal Emulation" found a "Character encoding:" item that was set to "Latin-US".
This was very suspicious, so I changed it to "Unicode (UTF-8)".  I then went to an iTerm2 window
where I'd been testing several files with non-latin1 characters (in Swedish).  When I used cat 
to display the files' contents, they displayed correctly.  I also went to a nearby Terminal window
where I'd had similar problems, and the Swedish texts also displayed properly there.
Terminal had a mixed record, sometimes displaying non-English "marked" letters as latin1 gibberish,
but occasionally showing such text correctly.  I'd been mostly testing in iTerm2,
which I found would reliably display all such text as latin1 gibberish.  

Now I'll test more apps for several days, looking for more cases of the problem.